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Anti-atherogenic and Anti-oxidant effect of tocopherol and tocotrienols on Cu++ mediated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in normallipidemic subjects

Vandna Saini, Noor Fatima, Shivani Baranwal, Fouzia Ishaq, Ravindra Nath Singh and Amir Khan

Atherosclerosis is a multifaceted diseases process with several different well defined risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and diabetes. Atherosclerosis is a multifaceted disease process with several different well defined risks factors, such as hypercholesterolemia, smoking, hypertension and diabetes. Oxidative damage to cholesterol component of the Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) leads to oxidized LDL by a series of consecutive events. This induces endothelial dysfunction which promotes inflammation during atherosclerosis. Oxidized LDL acts as a trigger to initiate endothelial inflammation leading to atherosclerosis and vascular thrombosis (heart attack and stroke). Modified LDLs are produced during chemical modification that LDLs undergo after synthesis. In this study, Tocopherol and Tocotrienols inhibits the oxidative modification of LDL in normallipidemic subjects by 135% and 115% respectively. It has also been experimentally proved that these extracts are effective in lowering the formation of Malondialdehyde contents in lysate isolated from normallipidemic subjects. In conclusion, based on in vitro study of Tocopherol and Tocotrienols on Total antioxidant power of plasma and LDL, LDL oxidation with copper sulphate and enzymatic activity described in the present study, administration of Tocopherol and Tocotrienols may be useful in the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. In addition, daily use of dietary Tocotrienols will be efficacious, cost effective, and a good source of vitamin E.