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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Investigations of Polar Extracts of Euphorbia resinifera Beg., Roots, Stems and Flowers

Hanane Farah, Abdellah Ech-chahad and Abdeslam Lamiri

The phytochemical screening of roots, stems and flowers of Euphorbia resinifera Beg., revealed the presence of saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, coumarins, and cardiac glycosides. Quantitative analysis showed that the methanolic extract of roots is the richest in phenolic compounds with an amount of 131.48 ± 8.5 μg GAE/mg of extract. While the methanol extract of the stems is the richest in flavonoids with an amount of 39.14 ± 0.48 μg QE/mg of extract. The antioxidant activity of polar extracts was studied with the method of DPPHº, the methanol extract of the roots showed a strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 10.01 ± 0.17 μg/ml). The amount of plyphénoles was correlated with the presence of phenolic compounds with (ρ = -0.87, p <0.05). In vitro antimicrobial activity of polar extracts was determined against five bacteria and one yeast strain. The results show that extract possessed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, B. subtilis, M. luteus, MBCs and MICs were determined for the first two strains. The extract of ethyl acetate of roots showed the highest antimicrobial activity (MIC and MBC = 0.5 mg/ml) against B. subtilis, and (MIC = 0.5 mg/ml and MBC = 1 mg/ml) against S. aureus.