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Barotrauma-Induced Coronary Vessel Perforation

Bartosz Zięba

Invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures on coronary arteries are associated with the possibility of various complications. One of them is perforation of coronary vessels, rare but potentially serious complication, which can lead to tamponade and patient death. In most cases coronary perforation is caused by a direct damage of the vessel wall caused by tools like balloons, stents and guidewires used during intervention. Pressure injury is the most common cause of perforation. We focused on specific type of coronary vessels perforation: contrast induced barotrauma leading to perforation, the mechanisms, possible prevention and treatment. In our five cases report, damage to the coronary vessels was caused by selective intubation of the small coronary vessel and high pressure administration of contrast. In one case, the patient required a pericardiocentesis because of tamponade