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Cathelicidin Protects the Brain from Mitochondrial DNA Damage in Health, but not Following Septic Shock

Denise Frediani Barbeiro, Suely Kubo Ariga, Hermes Vieira Barbeiro, Nadja C. Souza-Pinto, Fabiano Pinheiro da Silva

Recent discoveries have demonstrated that mitochondria play a critical role in innate immune signaling. By the other hand, immune responses may lead to mitochondrial deregulation. Cathelicidins play a critical role in innate immunity, promoting poorly understood cellular responses that may enhance or inhibit several signaling pathways, depending on the health conditions and subjacent microenvironment. Here, we investigated the role of CRAMP, the murine cathelicidin, in healthy mice and following experimental sepsis. We found that sepsis induces significant mitochondrial DNA damage in the prefrontal cortex and that cathelicidin protects the brain from this kind of damage in healthy animals, but not following septic shock.