Jean de Lima
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a class 3 Histone Deacetylase (HDAC3) that acts primarily by regulating T cell differentiation, proliferation and activation,
therefore disable transcriptions of genes in Dendritc Cells (DCs) that are important for T cell activation and differentiation of effector cells in graft
rejection and in other chronic inflammatory processes like obesity. Therefore, our hypothesis that the obesity influences the differential expression
of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in DCs, changing its phenotype and function, and thus T cell activation, exacerbating the allograft immune response.
Thus, our goal was to specifically investigate the role of SIRT1 in the function, phenotype and the implications on DCs metabolism, and if it can
affect T cell functions in the context of skin transplantation in obese animals. We saw the impact of absence of SIRT1 in the mitochondrial metabolism
of DCs (by Seahorse technology) in animals with specific deletion of SIRT1 gene in DCs (CD11cCreSIRT1flox/flox). In addition, we observed
after treatment with a SIRT1 agonist (resveratrol, 50 nM) in Bone Marrow-Derived DC (BMDCs) increasead of protein expression of TGF-β, IDO
and the decreased of costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86) with parallel induction of SIRT1. In a hyperlipid diet-induced obesity (HFD)
mode plus tranplantation, we observed that DCs from obese animals and with skin graft had the most lower SIRT1 expression and this led to
a more pro-inflamatory profile as well as less glycolytic metabolic profile and relation with tryptophan metabolism, which is characteristic of a
DC tolerance according to the literature. Based on the results obtained so far, we can suggest that increased expression of SIRT1 by resveratrol
treatment leads to a more tolerogenic profile in BMDCs and DC, which may influence CD4+ T cell proliferation and polarization and consequently
an improvement in the graft acceptance in obesity.
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